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Year of the Three Emperors
The Year of the Three Emperors, or the Year of the Three Kaisers, ((ドイツ語:Dreikaiserjahr)) refers to the year 1888 during the German Empire in German history.〔Pike〕〔Tipton, p. 175.〕〔Nichols, p. 1.〕〔Berghahn, p. 282.〕 The year is considered to have memorable significance because of the deaths of two German Emperors, or Kaisers, leading to a rapid succession of three monarchs within one year.〔 The three different emperors who ruled over Germany during this year were Wilhelm I, Frederick III, and Wilhelm II. The mnemonic “''drei Achten, drei Kaiser''” (English: "three eights, three emperors") is still used today in Germany by children and adults alike to learn the year in question.〔Hein, p. 271.〕
==Situation==
Wilhelm I had been the King of Prussia before the formation of a German Empire due largely to Bismarck's efforts. As the monarch of the largest German state which had a key role in the unification, Emperor Wilhelm I had ruled over the German Empire ever since the unification of Germany on 18 January 1871. He lived until he was almost 91 years old and reigned over Prussia for 27 years and over Germany for 17 years. His son, Crown Prince Frederick William, was celebrated for his military actions because of his leadership during the wars fought to unify Germany.〔Kollander, p. 79.〕 Frederick commanded staffs and armies during the Second Schleswig War, the Austro-Prussian War, and the Franco-Prussian War.〔 Crown Prince Frederick William had just turned 56 before the year 1888. Frederick also had a number of children at the time, and his heir-apparent was named Wilhelm, after his grandfather. Wilhelm turned 29 in January 1888.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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